Modular Relayer Architecture
SupraNova’s architecture relies on a relayer framework built using a modular design that separates concerns for better scalability and resilience.
- Event Listener:
- Monitors Ethereum for HyperNovaCore bridge events.
- Pushes detected events into a secure message queue.
- Relayer Driver:
- Consumes events from the queue, builds full proof bundles, including receipt proofs, ancestry proofs and Sync Committee signatures.
- Packages the proof bundle into a transaction and submits it to the Supra HyperNovaCore verifier contract.
- Committee Updater:
- Independently monitors Ethereum to update the active Sync Committee public keys on Supra every ~27 hours.
This Modular flow allows any actor to permissionlessly run relayers, increasing redundancy and system liveness.
Relayer and Committee Updater in SupraNova
The SupraNova bridge architecture relies on off-chain actors to maintain a permissionless, decentralized, and verifiable flow of events and proofs.
There are two critical off-chain roles:
- Relayer: Responsible for monitoring ethereum events, generating necessary proofs and submitting them to Supra service contracts along with the event.
- Committee Updater: Responsible for refreshing Ethereum’s Sync Committee public keys on Supra every ~27 hours.
Both are incentivized economically through SupraNova’s fee model to perform their tasks reliably.
Relayer Architecture
The Relayer is a permissionless component made up of three modular subsystems:
| Component | Responsibility |
|---|---|
| Event Listener | Listens to Ethereum for bridge events (LOGX) emitted by HyperNovaCore |
| Relayer Driver | Picks up the event from a queue, generates proofs (receipt, ancestry) using Prover module and submits them to Supra’s HyperNovaCore verifier contract |
| Prover Module | Generates the Ancestry and Receipt proofs and returns to Relayer |
Event Listener
- Connects to an Ethereum node.
- Subscribes to bridge-related event logs (filtered by contract address and event topics).
- On event detection, publish it to a message queue.
Relayer Driver
- Consumes events from the message queue.
- Uses the Ethereum fullnode RPC APIs to:
- Fetch block headers
- Fetch full transaction and receipt data
Then it constructs a proof bundle which includes:
- Sync Committee signature aggregate
- Receipt inclusion proof
- Ancestry Proof
Transaction Sender
- Builds a bridge request transaction.
- Attaches the full proof bundle as calldata.
- Submits the transaction to Supra’s HyperNovaCore verifier smart contract.
If verification succeeds, the corresponding service layer (e.g., Token Bridge) is triggered to mint assets.
Committee Updater Architecture
The Committee Updater makes sure that SupraNova can always validate Ethereum blocks based on the latest Sync Committee.
Every 27 hours (approximately 8192 slots):
- Ethereum’s Beacon Chain rotates its Sync Committee members.
- Their aggregate public key and 512 public keys set must be updated on Supra.
Tasks of the Committee Updater:
- Monitor Ethereum’s finalized epochs.
- When a new Sync Committee becomes active:
- Fetch the new sync committee public keys.
- Submit an on-chain transaction to update Supra’s trusted keys inside HyperNovaCore.
Rewards and Incentives
| Actor | Incentive Source | Reward Type |
|---|---|---|
| Relayer | Service Fee | Paid periodically from treasury |
| Committee Updater | Verification Fee | Paid directly during user bridge transactions |
Without these actors:
- No proof would be submitted.
- No committee keys would update.
- Bridge verification would halt.
SupraNova keeps liveness and decentralization by rewarding these permissionless participants
Failure Handling
| Failure | System Behavior |
|---|---|
| Relayer fails to submit proofs | Another relayer can pick up the event and submit |
| Committee Updater fails to update keys | Bridge verification pauses for new blocks; liveness resumes once updater submits keys |
Thus, the system is resilient and non-reliant on any single actor.